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Ranking Professional Football Team Performance

A new metric for ranking NFL teams

Is "Season Wins" good enough?

The teams in the National Football League (NFL) play 17 games during the season. Teams are ranked by the number of games won. But such a small sample of games can't really determine how good or bad teams are. Often teams end up with identical win-loss records. In such cases, other criteria are used to better determine team rankings. (See Football Power Index)


— Proposal —

To more accurately determine team ranking without such complex measures such as the Football Power Index, the league should use a method of Game Points or GPs. In 2023, only 40% of games won were by teams dominating both the first and second halves. In other words, most games had a loser outscoring the winner in one of the halves. So instead of letting the final score dictate who is the better team, why not break the game into its components where partial credit is due.

Let each game be divided into two halves. For each half, high score gets 2GPs. Tied score, each team gets 1GP. The team with the highest final score gets 2 more GPs. If the final score or either half is a tie, each team gets 1 more GP. (In this way a tie game won't be won or lost due t o a single lucky bounce of the football or by questional officiating.) Total GPs between teams per game is 6. For example, each team can get the following GPpoints:

  Game outcome   First Half + Second Half    Final
  Score
 
  Total 
GPs
Top score both halves
and top score overall
2 + 2 2 6
Top score in one half
 but tied score in other half 
2 + 1 or 1 + 2 2 5
 Top score in only one half 
but top overall score
2 + 0 or 0 + 2 2 4
Tied score in halves
and tied in overall score
1 + 1
or teams have identical
scores in alternate halves
1 3
 Top score in only one half 
and bottom score overall
2 + 0 or 0 + 2 0 2
Tied score in one half
and bottom score overall
1 + 0 or 0 + 1 0 1
 Bottom score in each half 
and bottom score overall
0 + 0 0 0


— Advantages —

Awarding up to two GPs for each half of a game would certainly improve strategy, competition and viewer and commercial interest.  For example:
  •  In a tight first half, the final minutes of play would take on the excitement of the last minutes of a close game since the teams would be competing for 2 GPs.
  •  In a game where one team is hopelessly behind in overall score, the closing minutes of the second half might still be interesting if the losing team can outscore the opponent in the second half, earning it 2 GPs.

An additional advantage of GPs is that overtime play to break tied-games would be unnecessary. Why force apparently evenly matched teams to roll the dice on a few extra plays, thus distorting the "win" column? Each team gets one GP


— Test Case —

Using the National Football League 2023 season as an example, Table 1 below shows the teams sorted by %Wins. There are several instances of teams having the same %Wins (shown in the table with identical colors). One way to deal with the ties is by using season Score Differences. For example, in Table 1, we see eight instances of tied %Wins. If we include the Score Difference criteria, the tied ranks are resolved. Only five teams own a individual %Win record (with no color).


Table 1 — National Football League 2023 Season

Rank by %Wins, then by Score Difference

  Team  %Wins  Score Diff.  Rank
  Wins+
  Score Diff. 
Baltimore

76.52031
Dallas70.61942
San Fransico70.61933
Detroit70.6664
Buffalo64.71405
Miami64.71056
Kansas City64.7777
Cleveland64.7348
Philadelphia64.759
LA Rams58.82710
Houston58.82411
Pittsburgh58.8-2012
New Orleans52.97513
Green Bay52.93314
Tampa Bay52.92315
Jacksonville52.9616
Cinncinati52.9-1817
Indianapolis52.9-1918
Seattle52.9-3819
Las Vegas47.1120
Denver47.1-5621
Minnesota41.2-1822
Chicago41.2-1923
Atlanta41.2-5224
NY Jets41.2-8725
Tennessee35.3-6226
NY Giants35.3-14127
LA Chargers29.4-5228
Arizona23.5-12529
New England23.5-13030
Washington23.5-18931
Carolina11.8-18032

— Application —

One way to minimize %Wins ties without relying on Score Differences is to Game Points (GPs) as explained above. Instead of a maximum of 17 possible wins, there would be use17 games times 6 possible GPs per game, or 102 poosible GPs scores... a much better measure to rank teams, minimizing ties. Table 2 below shows the ranking using GPs compared to Wins+Score Diff. Notice that Dallas has moved from second to fourth.

If there are teams with the same GP, then Score Differences can be used to break ties. In the Table 2 below we see three tied GPs ranks. If we add the Score Difference criteria, their rankings are resolved. In all there are three tied ranks using GPs compared to eight using just %Wins (as indicated by colored names), the worst case being 52.9% (9 wins 8 losses)


Table 2 — National Football League 2023 Season

Ranking by GPs, then by Score Difference

  Team  %Wins  Score Diff.  Rank
  %Wins+
  Score Diff. 
Game Pts.    Rank
  GP+
  Score. Diff. 
Baltimore76.52031791
San Fransico70.61933752
Detroit70.6664723
Dallas70.61942694
Buffalo64.71405675
Miami64.71056666
Philadelphia64.759627
Kansas City64.7777608
New Orleans52.97513599
Houston58.824115810
Green Bay52.933145711
Tampa Bay52.923155712
Jacksonville52.96165613
Cleveland64.73485414
LA Rams58.827105215
Seattle52.9-38195116
Pittsburgh58.8-20125017
Denver47.1-56215018
Cinncinati52.9-18174919
Indianapolis52.9-19184820
Atlanta41.2-52244621
Las Vegas47.11204422
Minnesota41.2-18224223
Chicago41.2-19234124
LA Chargers29.4-52284125
Tennessee35.3-62264026
NY Jets41.2-87253727
NY Giants35.3-141273628
Arizona23.5-125293329
Washington23.5-189313030
New England23.5-130302731
Carolina11.8-180322432

— Looking at Division Results —

If we realign Table 2 according to Division we see in Table 3 that the GP ranking compares quite well with the %Win column and also with the order found in the %Wins+Score Diff. column. The only difference is in the AFC-West where Denver and Las Vegas has switched places (seen in gray). In addiion, there are no tied GP scores within any of the Divisions as opposed to 5 tied %Wins. This close fit indicates that the GP system of looking at game halves has validity at the division level also.


Table 3 — National Football League 2023 Season

Grouped by Division

Ranking by Game Point Average (GPA), then by Point Difference

  Team  %Wins  Score  Rank
  %Wins+
  Score Diff.
 
Game Pts.    Rank
  Game Pts.+
  Score. Diff. 
AFC-East
Buffalo64.71405675
Miami64.71056666
NY Jets41.2-87253927
New England23.5-130302731
AFC-North
Baltimore76.52031791
Cleveland64.73485414
Pittsburgh58.8-20125017
Cinncinati52.9-18174918
AFC-South
Houston58.824105810
Jacksonville52.96165613
Indianapolis52.9-19184820
Tennessee35.3-62264026
AFC-West
Kansas City64.7777607
Denver47.1-56215019
Las Vegas47.11204422
LA Chargers29.4-52284125
NFC-East
Dallas70.61942694
Philadelphia64.759628
NY Giants35.3-141273628
Washington23.5-189313030
NFC-North
Detroit70.6664723
Green Bay52.933145711
Minnesota41.2-18224223
Chicago41.2-19234124
NFC-South
New Orleans52.97513599
Tampa Bay52.923155712
Atlanta41.2-52244621
Carolina11.8-180322432
NFC-West
San Fransico70.61933752
LA Rams58.827115215
Seattle52.9-38195116
Arizona23.5-125293329

I suggest that the National Football League, as well as sports statisticians and sports writers, consider posting Game Points on a trial basis for a couple of years and see if it has any validity in sorting out how teams should be ranked. Afterall, sports fans love statistics.

(Also see National Football League Standings History.)


Note: Game Points were derived from team scores by quarter from The Football Database.